| Accreditation |
Certification by duly recognized body
of the facilities, capability, objectivity, competence,
and integrity of an agency, service, or operational group
or individual to provide the specific service or operation
needed. For example, the Registrar Accreditation Board
accredits those organizations that register companies
to the ISO 9000 series standards. |
| Ad Valorem |
In proportion to the value. |
| Agent (Agt.) |
A person authorized to transact business
for, and in the name of, another person or company. |
| AMS |
Automated Manifest System. An application
that expedites the clearance of cargo for the subsequent
release of containers when imported to the U.S. through
electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of bulk
paper manifests.? |
| Arrival notice |
An advice that the carrier sends to the
consignee advising of goods coming forward for delivery.
Pertinent information such as BL number, container number
and total charges due from consignee etc, are included
and sent to consignee prior to vessel arrival. This is
done gratuitously by the carrier to ensure smooth delivery
but there is no obligation by the carrier to do so. The
responsibility to monitor the transit and present himself
to take timely delivery still rests with the consignee. |
| Awkward cargo |
Cargo of irregular size that can either
be containerized (packed in container) or non-containerized
(without equipment associated with) during transportation.
It requires prior approval on a case by case basis before
confirmation of booking. |
| Axle load |
Maximum load permitted to be carried on
each axle of a motor vehicle. |
| Bill of lading
(B/L) |
Official legal document representing ownership
of cargo, a negotiable document to receive cargo, and
the contract for cargo between the shipper and the carrier. |
| Block train |
Railcars grouped in a train by destination
so that segments (blocks) can be uncoupled and routed
to different destinations as the train moves through
various junctions. Eliminates the need to break up a
train and sort individual railcars at each junction. |
| Blocking or bracing |
Wood or metal supports to keep shipments
in place or on railcars. |
| Bls. |
Bales. A kind of customary packing unit. |
| Bobtail |
Movement of a tractor, without trailer,
over the highway. |
| Bona fide |
In good faith. |
| Booking number |
A reference number for bookings registered.
It should be unique without duplication for a three-year
period. |
| Bow |
The front of a vessel. |
| Box |
Common term for an ocean going freight
container. |
| Boxcar |
A closed freight car. |
| BPS |
Business Process and Systems - section
within ISD responsible for implementation of IRIS-2 and
user support in system and business processes. |
| Break-bulk cargo |
Goods shipped loose in the vessel抯 hold
and not in a container. |
| British Thermal Unit (BTU) |
The amount of heat required to produce
a temperature change of one degree Fahrenheit in one
pound of water. |
| Bulk carriers |
A vessel carrying dry, liquid, grain,
not packaged, bundled or bottled cargo, and is loaded
without marks & number or count. |
| Bull rings |
Cargo-securing devices mounted in the
floor of containers; allow lashing and securing of cargo. |
| Bunker surcharge (BAF, BSC) |
Bunker Adjustment factor (BAF), or Bunker
Surcharge (BSC) are surcharges assessed by the carrier
to freight rates to reflect current cost of bunker. |
| Bunkers |
Heavy oil used as fuel for ocean vessels. |
| C.A.F. |
Currency Adjustment Factor. Surcharge
percentage applied to freight rates to reflect currency
fluctuations. |
| C.B.M. (C.M.) |
Cubic meter. |
| C.K.D. |
Abbreviation for Cars Knocked Down.? Automobile
parts and subassemblies manufactured abroad and transported
to a designated assembly plant.? A classification of
Third Party International shippers. See Knocked Down. |
| C.O.D. |
Collect (cash) on Delivery; Carried on
Docket (pricing); Change of Destination. |
| Cargo manifest |
A manifest that lists only cargo, without
freight and charges. |
| Carrier |
Any individual, company or corporation
engaged in transporting goods. |
| Cells |
The construction system employed in container
vessels; permits below ship containers to be stowed in
a vertical line with each container supporting the one
above it. |
| Cellular vessel |
A vessel designed with internal ribbing
to permit the support of stacked containers. |
| Certificate of origin |
Document certifying the country of origin
of goods which is normally issued or signed by a Chamber
of Commerce or Embassy. |
| CFC's (Chlorofluorocarbons) |
Chemical compounds containing mixtures
of carbon, chlorine and fluorine molecules. Because of
their stability, lack of flammability and ability to
absorb and give up heat readily, CFC's have in the past
been popular refrigerants. However, CFC's have been found
to contribute to the deterioration of the ozone layer
of the upper atmosphere, which is a condition believed
to be hazardous to global health. These compounds should
not be released into the atmosphere, but should be carefully
collected for recycling. Production of CFC's is being
phased out by an international convention, the Montreal
Protocol. |
| CFS/CFS |
A kind of cargo movement by container.
Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by carrier,
devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up loose
at destination. |
| Chassis |
A wheeled flat bed or a trailer constructed
to accommodate containers moved over the road. |
| Closing date |
Last day on which export cargo can be
accepted for a nominated sailing. |
| Consolidated cargo |
Cargo containing shipments of two or more
shippers, usually shipped by a firm called a consolidator.
The consolidator takes advantage of lower F.C.L. rates,
and savings are passed on to shippers. |
| Consolidation |
The combination of many small shipments
into one container. |
| Consolidator |
A person or firm performing a consolidation
service for others. |
| Consortium |
Group of carriers pooling resources in
a trade lane to maximize their resources efficiently. |
| Container |
A receptacle designed to transport cargo
of many types in continuous transportation. |
| Container freight station (CFS,
C.F.S.) |
Consolidation depots where parcels of
cargo are grouped and loaded into containers. |
| Container gross weight |
Please refer to Gross Weight. |
| Container load plan (CLP) |
A document prepared to show all details
of cargo loaded in a container, e.g. weight (individual
and total), measurement, markings, shippers, consignees,
the origin & destination of goods, and location of
cargo within the container. |
| Container number |
The unique identification of a container. |
| Container seal number |
The
number of high security seals provided by OOCL. |
| Container
size |
The
length of a container i.e. 20'', 40'' and 45'' (feet). |
| Container
terminal |
Also refered to as a Container Yard (CY).
A facility that receives full export containers from
one shipper to loading the vessel and delivers full import
containers to the consignee after; it is the same location
where ocean vessels are loaded & unloaded. |
| Container
type |
The
purpose of a container of which the code is to be adhered
to ISO standard. |
| Containership |
An ocean vessel specifically designed
to carry ocean cargo containers. It is fitted with vertical
cells for maximum capacity. |
| Controlled
atmosphere (CA) |
An
atmosphere in which oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen
concentrations are regulated, as well as temperature
and humidity. |
| Cu. |
Cubic. A unit of volume measurement. |
| Cubic foot |
1,728 cubic
inches. |
| Custom house |
A
country Treasury Department office where duties, etc.,
on foreign shipments are handled. |
| Customs
bonded warehouse |
a public or privately owned warehouse
where dutiable goods are stored pending payment of duty
or removal under bond. The storage or delivery of goods
are under the supervision of customs officers and if
the warehouse is privately owned the keeper has to enter
into a bond as indemnity in respect of the goods deposited,
which may not be delivered without a release from the
customs. |
| Cut-off
time |
Lastest possible time the cargo may be
delivered to the vessel or designated point. |
| Cwt. |
Hundredweight
(U.S.A., 100 pounds; United Kingdom, 112 pounds). |
| CY |
Container
Yard.? See "Container Terminal". |
| CY/CFS |
Cargo loaded in a full container by a
shipper at origin, delivered to pier facility at destination,
and then devanned by the carrier for loose pick up. |
| CY/CY |
Cargo loaded by the shipper in a full
container at origin and delivered to the carrier's terminal
at destination for pick up intact by consignee. |
| D & H |
Dangerous
and Hazardous. (Also see "Dangerous Goods") |
| D.W. |
Dead
Weight. The number of tons a ship can transport of cargo,
stores and bunker fuel.? (Also see "Deadweight Tonnage") |
| Dangerous
Goods |
The term used by I.M.C.O. for hazardous
materials which are capable of posing a significant risk
to health, safety or property while being transported. |
| DDC |
Destination
Delivery Charges. A charge assessed by the carrier for
handling positioning of a full container. |
| Dead Space |
Space
in a car, truck, vessel, etc., that is not utilized. |
| Deadweight
Tonnage (D/W) |
The number of total weight tons that a
vessel can transport of cargo, stores and bunker fuel.
It is the difference between the number of tons of water
a vessel displaces "light" and the number of tons it
displaces when submerged to the "load line." |
| Dedicated
Unit Train |
An
unit train operated by various railroads for exclusive
usage. |
| Delivery
Order |
A
document authorizing delivery to a nominated party of
goods in the care of a third party. Can be issued by
a carrier on surrender of a bill of lading and then used
by the merchant to transfer title by endorsement. |
| Depot
Container |
Container
freight station or a designated area where empty containers
can be picked up or dropped off. |
| Destination |
The
place where the carrier actually turns over the cargo
to consignee or his agent. |
| Detention |
Charges
raised for detaining container/trailer at customer抯 premises
for longer period than provided in Tariff. |
| Detention
Charge |
See "Detention". |
| Devanning |
The
removal of cargo from a container. Also known as unstuffing,
unloading or stripping. |
| DFG |
Dynamic
Flow Guidelines -- which is used to control the on-land
stock level of each region taking into account of the
traffic pattern and local vanning/devanning dwell time.
The shortest the dwell time, the lowest the DFG and the
more efficient the equipment utilization will be. |
| Differential
Rate |
An
amount added or deducted from base rate to make a rate
to or from some other point or via another route. |
| Diversion |
A
change made in the route of a shipment in transit. |
| Divert |
The
route of a shipment changed in transit from that shown
on the original billing. Used interchangeably with reconsign. |
| Dock |
(a)
The water alongside a pier or wharf. (b) Loading or unloading
platform at an industrial location or carrier terminal. |
| Dock Receipt |
A
form used to acknowledge receipt of cargo at a steamship
pier. When delivery of a foreign shipment is completed,
the dock receipt is surrendered to the vessel operator
or the operator's agent and serves as basis for preparation
of the ocean bill of lading. |
| Door-to-Door |
Through
transportation of a container and its contents from consignor's
premises to consignee's premises. |
| Double-Deck
Load |
A
second tier of cargo placed on top of the first tier. |
| Dray |
A
truck or other equipment designed to haul heavy loads. |
| Drayage |
Charge
made for local hauling by dray or truck. |
| Dry Cargo |
Cargo
that does not require temperature control. |
| Dry Dock |
An
enclosed basin into which a ship is taken for underwater
cleaning and repairing. It is fitted with watertight
entrance gates which when closed permit the dock to be
pumped dry. |
| Dry-Bulk
Container |
A
container constructed to carry grain, powder and other
free flowing solids in bulk. |
| DST |
Double
Stack Train. Rail or train capable of carrying two 40'
containers, one on top of the other. |
| Dunnage
(Dge.) |
Lumber
or other material used to brace material in carrier's
equipment. |
| Dwell Time |
It
is expressed in term of no. of day that a container changed
from one status to another e.g. from under inbound load
(UIL) to empty available (MTA) to under outbound load
(UOL). The shorter the dwell time, the more efficient
the container utilization will be. |
| ECU |
European
Currency Units. A financial unit used for EC accounting. |
| En route |
Along
the route of movement. |
| ETA |
Estimated
time of arrival. |
| ETD |
Estimated
time of departure. |
| Ex Work |
An
INCOTERMS term of sale applicable to all modes of transport. |
| Export |
Shipment
of goods to another country. |
| Export
Declaration |
A
government document permitting designated goods to be
shipped out of the country. |
| F.A.K. |
Freight
All Kind. System whereby freight is charged per container,
irrespective of the nature of the goods, and not according
to a Tariff. |
| F.A.S. |
Free Alongside Ship. |
| F.C.L. |
Full
Containerload. Arrangement whereby shipper utilizes all
the space in a container which he packs himself. |
| F.I.O. |
Free In and
Out. |
| F.O.B. |
Stands
for Free On Board which is a mercantile expression used
in sale contracts denoting that goods have to be delivered
by the shippers on board the vessel at a particular place,
free of charge. |
| FCL/FCL |
See CY/CY. |
| FCL/LCL |
See CY/CFS. |
| Feeder
Vessel |
Vessel
employed in normally short sea routes to fetch or carry
goods and containers to and from ocean going vessels. |
| FEU |
Forty-foot Equivalent Unit (40'' or 2
TEUs) |
| Final
Destination (FND) |
End
of carrier抯 liability where carrier delivers the cargo
to consignee. |
| Flash Point |
A temperature that when certain inflammable
cargo reaches will trigger spontaneous ignition. It is
an IMCO standard information requirement for dangerous
goods. |
| FMC |
Federal
Maritime Commission. US Government Agency responsible
for regulatory aspects of all maritime activities. |
| Freight |
(a)
The price paid to the carrier for the transportation
of goods or merchandise by sea from one place to another.
(b) Freight is also used to denote goods which are in
the process of being transported from one place to another. |
| Fresh
Air Exchange (FAE) |
The
fresh air exchange system on a reefer removes harmful
gases from reefers carrying sensitive perishable commodities.
The fresh air vent is located on the reefer machinery
end of the container. The fresh air vent is adjustable
to accommodate a variety of cargo and chilled load operating
conditions. The fresh air vent should be tightly closed
when carrying frozen cargo. |
| Full
Cellular Ship |
A
ship fitted for container carriage in all available space.
The ship is fitted with vertical cells for container
placement both below and above deck. No provisions are
available for cargo other than containers. |
| Fumigation |
Treatment
with a pesticide active ingredient that is a gas under
treatment conditions. |
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